Immune research
LL-37
Lyophilized immune-signaling research peptide for pathway review
LL-37 is a cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide used in host-defense, epithelial barrier, immune, and inflammation research.
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Get catalog updatesFor laboratory research use only. Not for human or veterinary use. Not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, mitigate, or prevent disease.
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Контекст исследования
Исследовательский профиль LL-37
LL-37 is the active human cathelicidin peptide studied as part of innate host-defense biology. Research spans direct antimicrobial activity, membrane interaction, biofilm response, epithelial repair, chemotaxis, immune signaling, and inflammatory regulation. Its behavior is highly context dependent: concentration, salt conditions, cell type, microbial species, and assay design can shift results from protective signaling to cytotoxic or pro-inflammatory effects. LL-37 is best selected when a project needs the defined human cathelicidin sequence for antimicrobial, epithelial, or innate-immune comparisons. Because this is a potent amphipathic peptide, published activity should not be generalized across assay systems or interpreted as personal-use guidance.
Molecular class
37-residue human cathelicidin
Sequence / composition
- L
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- F
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- K
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- K
- I
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- K
- E
- F
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- I
- V
- Q
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- I
- K
- D
- F
- L
- R
- N
- L
- V
- P
- R
- T
- E
- S
Defined amino-acid chain, shown in standard one-letter notation.
Research design note
Net charge, salt, serum, membrane composition, and concentration all materially alter LL-37 assay behavior.
Предполагаемый механизм
An amphipathic human cathelicidin that can disrupt microbial membranes and also interact with host membranes, nucleic acids, formyl-peptide receptors, purinergic receptors, and inflammatory signaling networks. Its activity is strongly concentration and environment dependent.
Эффекты, описанные в исследованиях
- In vitro studies report antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antibiofilm activity against selected organisms and assay conditions.
- Cell and animal models report chemotaxis, epithelial migration, angiogenesis, wound-related effects, and modulation of innate immune responses.
- At higher concentrations or in susceptible systems, LL-37 can be cytotoxic, pro-inflammatory, or promote unwanted cell signaling.
Типичные исследовательские конечные точки
Minimum inhibitory concentration, membrane permeabilization, biofilm mass, chemotaxis, cytokines, epithelial closure, angiogenesis, cell viability, hemolysis, and receptor signaling.
Данные и ограничения
The mechanistic literature is extensive but highly context dependent. Assay conditions strongly limit comparison, and human therapeutic conclusions are not established for catalog material.
External reading
Literature for context—not product proof.
Third-party sources describe their own research materials and methods. They do not validate a specific Azure catalog batch.
Support and documentation
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